Vaccination of fish
Fish vaccination is a modern method of specific prevention of infectious diseases in farmed aquatic organisms. Under conditions of high stocking density in closed-loop water supply systems and hatchery complexes, the occurrence of bacterial or viral outbreaks can destroy up to 80–100 per cent of the stock. Vaccination enables the artificial induction of long-lasting immunity in fish against specific pathogens, whilst completely eliminating the need for regular antibiotic use, thereby reducing production costs and improving the environmental safety of the product.
What it is
- —The process of injecting large batches of fish consists of a clear sequence of steps: A. Pre-vaccination fasting Before the procedure begins, the fish are deprived of feed for a period of 24 to 48 hours, depending on the water temperature. This is necessary to completely empty the gastrointestinal tract, reduce the metabolic load, minimise ammonia release into the water during the procedure, and prevent accidental injury to the fish’s full stomach caused by the needle. B. Anaesthesia (Sedation) To minimise stress and ensure complete immobilisation of the fish, it is transferred to an intermediate tank containing an anaesthetic solution. Specialised preparations such as tricaine methanesulphonate (MS-222), clove oil or propofol are most commonly used. The concentration is adjusted so that the fish falls asleep within 1–2 minutes, quickly regains coordination of movement after being transferred to clean water, and does not suffer toxic shock. C. Control of working environment conditions Whilst handling the fish, the following parameters of the holding water must be strictly controlled: Water temperature: This must be stable and correspond to the physiological norm for the species in question (for trout +10...+14 degrees, for sturgeon and carp +16...+20 degrees). A rise in temperature increases stress and the risk of injury. Dissolved oxygen level: Must be maintained at 90–100 per cent saturation (not less than 7–8 mg/l) through continuous aeration or oxygenation of the tanks where the fish await handling and recover from anaesthesia.
Adoption
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Established
Where it runs
the world’s leading fish farms
Who supplies it
Vili Helgesen
Denmark
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Who is asking for it
Farms on the platform carrying "Fish health & biosecurity".
- Farms with the matching need
- 17
- Open to pilot projects
- 17
- Cage
- 10
- Pond
- 4
- RAS
- 2
- Trout
- 9
- Carp
- 4
- Marine species
- 3
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